Explanation of Sup supa

[kakali]

Atha Sup supa

This is the way Panini has started his discussion on the SAMASA in Ashatadhyayi,
the first systematic grammar book in Sanskrit where the sutras of the earlier grammarians are been jotted down in a convenient patterns for the users.

Panini is saying, “Samartha Padavidhihi, pada sambandhi yo vidhihi sa samarthasrito bodhya.” Saman artha yukta shabda visaye yo bidhi arthat niyamam so padartha bidhi. Yatha “Ragna Purusho” arthat Rajadhin Purusho i.e. one who works under the king or Rajapurusha.

In Panini Grammar it is mentioned that, Kadare Karmadharaye is the last sutra of SAMASA. Previously the grammarian said “prak Kadarat samasa”, which means the sutras in between is the first type of samasa which is called Tatpurusha samasa . There are 4 main types of samasas, tatpurusha is one of those , which is not having anything to do with “tat’ and “purush”. “Para padasya artha pradhanam tatpurusha, where as “Purva padasya artha pradhanam abyayibhaba “ and “ anya padasya artha pradhanam bahubrihi , tatha “dyoyo padayo artha pradhanam dwanda and “samkhya purvak dwigu.”
Karmadharaya is the samasa or compound of noun and adjective. Visheshya –visheshanayoha samasa hi karmadharayo.